It is estimated by the World Health Organization (WHO) that almost one third of the disease burden in industrialised countries can be attributed to four main behaviours: smoking, alcohol intake, poor diet, and lack of physical activity. But when considering the cost of that illness it is not just the bill for the treatment and care that should be taken into account. The economic consequences of premature death and preventable illness are considerable too. These can include loss of productivity in the workplace, lead to poor mental health and the cost of crime and antisocial behaviour.