This report discussed why and how city governments are taking a more responsible approach to the use of personal data. It addresses some of the major flaws in how traditional smart city projects have approached data collection and use, going on to provide a summary of policy roles available to local authorities to address these challenges. The report is based on case study research of a range of pioneering examples of city governments around the world that are trying to rethink how they collect, analyse and use data collected about people.